PD-1 antibody + tyrosine kinase inhibitor

This refers to a combination therapy consisting of a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or sintilimab) and a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI; such as cabozantinib, pazopanib, axitinib, lenvatinib, sorafenib). The PD-1 antibody blocks the interaction between PD-1 on immune cells and its ligands (PD-L1/PD-L2), thereby enhancing T-cell mediated antitumor immunity. The TKI component inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor angiogenesis and growth—most commonly targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), but also potentially fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), RET, KIT and others depending on the specific agent. This combination is used primarily in oncology for synergistic effects against various cancers including metastatic renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma[1][2][3].

Other names

PD-1 inhibitor + TKIanti-PD-1 antibody + TKIimmune checkpoint inhibitor + tyrosine kinase inhibitor