penicacid V

Penicacid V is a novel mycophenolic acid derivative isolated from the marine-derived fungus *Penicillium senticosum* RCDB005, which was discovered in sediment samples from the South China Sea. It is part of a group of secondary metabolites (penicacids O-W) characterized by their structural similarity to mycophenolic acid. In preclinical research, penicacid V has demonstrated significant anti-proliferative activity against human cancer cell lines, specifically showing potent inhibitory effects on the MOLM-13 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. As a mycophenolic acid derivative, its biological activity is likely mediated through the inhibition of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme essential for de novo guanosine nucleotide biosynthesis, which is a critical pathway for the proliferation of certain leukemia cells.