physalin a

Physalin A is a natural steroidal compound, specifically a seco-steroid with a 13,14-seco-16,24-cycloergostane skeleton, isolated predominantly from the calyces of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (a traditional Chinese medicinal herb known as Jindenglong). It is a member of the physalin family of withanolides. Physalin A exhibits multiple bioactivities, primarily **anti-inflammatory** and **antitumor** effects. Mechanistic studies show it inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators (e.g., nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukins, TNF) primarily by modifying IKKβ (IκB kinase β), inhibiting NF-κB activation, and promoting Michael addition reactions. In cancer models, physalin A induces cell death by apoptosis via p53-Noxa axis activation and reactive oxygen species formation, as well as promoting the expression of detoxifying enzymes through Nrf2 activation. Additional effects include immunomodulation and antiproliferative activity against several tumor cell lines. It is not currently clinically approved and is largely studied as an experimental pharmacological agent[1][2][3][4][7][8].

Other names

23027-91-0DTXSID401318470DTXSID-401318470DTXSID 401318470DTXCID201748609DTXCID-201748609DTXCID 2017486095,7,18-trihydroxy-1,14,21-trimethyl-25-methylidene-4,20,23-trioxaheptacyclo(20.3.1.12,5.03,18.03,21.06,15.09,14)heptacosa-8,11-diene-13,19,24,27-tetrone