plant-derived quadrivalent influenza virus-like particle vaccine + aluminum hydroxide

This is a combination vaccine comprising a **plant-derived quadrivalent influenza virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine** adjuvanted with **aluminum hydroxide**. The VLP vaccine is produced in plant cells and formulated to protect against four strains of influenza virus (quadrivalent formulation). **Virus-like particles** mimic the structure of viruses, inducing immune responses without containing live or attenuated virus genetic material. The adjuvant **aluminum hydroxide** enhances the immune response by facilitating antigen uptake and stimulating both innate and adaptive immunity mechanisms, primarily a Th2-type immune response[1][2][3][5]. Such adjuvanted plant-derived VLP influenza vaccines are usually developed for seasonal influenza prevention, offering a non-egg-based, scalable platform with rapid adaptation to circulating strains. Mechanistically, aluminum hydroxide adjuvant activates innate immunity via pattern recognition receptors, enhances antigen adsorption to immune cells, and promotes robust, long-lasting antibody responses[1][2][3][5].