poliovirus vaccine

Poliovirus vaccines are used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio), a highly contagious viral disease that can cause paralysis and death. There are two main types of polio vaccines: - Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV): Contains killed virus and is administered by injection. It induces immunity by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus without causing disease. - Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV): Contains live attenuated (weakened) virus and is given orally. It provides both systemic and intestinal immunity but carries a small risk of reverting to a form that can cause paralysis. The mechanism of action for both types involves inducing an immune response against the three serotypes of wild-type polioviruses, preventing infection and transmission. The first successful polio vaccine was developed by Jonas Salk in 1953 using inactivated virus; Albert Sabin later developed the oral live attenuated version[4][5][8]. Polio vaccines have played a critical role in reducing global cases from hundreds of thousands annually to just dozens per year[5].

Brand names

IpolPoliovax

Other names

polio vaccineinactivated poliovirus vaccineoral poliovirus vaccineIPVOPV