prilocaine

Prilocaine is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type, primarily used for local anesthesia in dental procedures and minor surgeries. It was first prepared by Claes Tegner and Nils Löfgren. Prilocaine acts by stabilizing the neuronal membrane through inhibition of sodium ion influx via voltage-gated sodium channels on nerve cells, thereby preventing initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. This action results in reversible loss of sensation in the targeted area. Prilocaine is often chosen for its relatively low cardiac toxicity compared to other local anesthetics and is commonly used for intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA). In topical preparations, it may be combined with lidocaine (as EMLA) for dermal anesthesia[1][5][7][8].

Brand names

CitanestEMLA

Other names

prilocaine hydrochlorideEMLA (when in combination with lidocaine)