proanthocyanidin-rich extract

Proanthocyanidin-rich extract is a natural plant-derived mixture concentrated in proanthocyanidins, a subclass of polyphenolic flavonoids formed by oligomers and polymers of catechins and epicatechins. These extracts are widely sourced from grape seed, but also from the peel, seeds, and leaves of fruits such as cranberry, bilberry, and others. Proanthocyanidin-rich extracts exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-atherosclerotic, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, and anti-ageing activities, and are also involved in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism, and the modulation of signaling pathways associated with chronic diseases. The mechanism of action is largely attributed to ROS scavenging, modulation of signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K, PI3K/Akt), suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, inhibition of xanthine oxidase, regulation of macrophage polarization, downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2, and stabilization of endothelial and epithelial tight junctions. The extract is used primarily as a dietary supplement and investigated for cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and bone health indications, as well as cosmetic purposes[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

Other names

proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extractPAC-rich extractoligomeric proanthocyanidin complexesgrape seed extractgrape seed proanthocyanidinsoligomeric proanthocyanidinsOPCprocyanidolic oligomersproanthocyanidinsanthocyanidinanthocyanadinsanthocyanincelphinidincyanidindelphinidinmalvidinpelargonidinpeonidinpetunidin