procyanidin c1

Procyanidin C1 is a natural polyphenolic compound classified as a B-type proanthocyanidin and a trimer of (-)-epicatechin, commonly found in grape seed, unripe apples, and cinnamon[6][2]. It acts as a senolytic agent, specifically eliminating senescent cells by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting mitochondrial dysfunction, causing cytochrome c release, and activating apoptotic pathways including BAX upregulation and caspase activation[1][3]. At low concentrations it inhibits senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), while at higher concentrations it selectively induces apoptosis in senescent cells without affecting normal cells[1][3]. PCC1 demonstrates in vivo activity in rodent models, improving age-related dysfunction and extending lifespan, and has been shown to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in tumors with therapy-induced senescence[1][3][6]. It also displays strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities[2][5].

Other names

proanthocyanidin c1procyanidol c1procyanidin trimer c1cinnamtannin a1epicatechin trimer