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proinsulin C19-A3 peptide vaccine
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre
- Modality
- Peptides, Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Administration
- Intradermal
01
Overview
The proinsulin C19-A3 peptide vaccine is an investigational antigen-specific immunotherapy designed for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Developed by the Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre in Australia, the vaccine consists of the C19-A3 peptide, an 18-amino acid fragment derived from human proinsulin (sequence: GSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIV). This peptide represents an immunodominant CD4+ T-cell epitope restricted by the HLA-DR4 (HLA-DRB1*0401) major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II allele. Administered intradermally, the vaccine aims to restore immune tolerance by presenting the autoantigenic peptide to autoreactive T cells in a non-inflammatory context, thereby promoting the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) secreting interleukin-10 (IL-10) and preventing the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. In Phase 1 clinical trials, the therapy was well tolerated with no evidence of systemic hypersensitivity or disease acceleration.
- Other names
- proinsulin peptide C19-A3C19-A3 peptideC-19-A3 peptideC 19-A3 peptideproinsulin C19-A3 peptide
02
Targets
HLA-DRB1*04:01 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1*04:01 beta chain)TCR (T cell antigen receptor complex)
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