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Propofol + fentanyl + lidocaine is a multi-drug anesthetic and analgesic regimen being investigated for its potential therapeutic impact on perioperative outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this combination, propofol acts as a short-acting intravenous sedative-hypnotic via positive allosteric modulation of the GABA-A receptor, while fentanyl serves as a potent synthetic opioid analgesic targeting mu-opioid receptors. Lidocaine, a sodium channel blocker, is added to the regimen not only for its anesthetic properties but also for its potential to modulate the inflammatory response and inhibit NETosis (neutrophil extracellular trap formation). The regimen is specifically being studied by the Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy in the context of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for HCC to evaluate whether the suppression of NETosis can reduce tumor recurrence and improve overall survival.
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