pseudognaphalium affine polysaccharides

Pseudognaphalium affine polysaccharides (PHP) are a fraction of neutral heteropolysaccharides isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant *Pseudognaphalium affine* (D.Don) Anderb. Composed of nine different monosaccharides, PHP is being investigated for its anti-inflammatory properties. Research has demonstrated that it can significantly reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and modulate oxidative stress in macrophage cells. In preclinical studies using zebrafish models of ulcerative colitis, PHP has been shown to alleviate pathological symptoms, reduce oxidative stress, and regulate genes associated with the NF-κB and MyD88 signaling pathways. This suggests its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis, although it currently remains a research compound rather than a commercially available drug.