R3616

R3616 is a first-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) mutant. It is characterized by the deletion of both copies of the γ34.5 gene (RL1), which encodes the primary neurovirulence factor ICP34.5. This genetic modification renders the virus highly replication-attenuated in normal, non-dividing cells (such as neurons) while allowing it to selectively replicate in and lyse rapidly dividing neoplastic cells. R3616 has served as a foundational backbone for the development of subsequent generations of oncolytic viruses, including those armed with therapeutic transgenes like IL-12 or immune checkpoint inhibitors. It is primarily utilized in preclinical research for the treatment of glioblastoma and other solid tumors to evaluate safety and anti-tumor efficacy.