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ragweed immunotherapy
- Development stage
- Phase 2
- Lead developer
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- Modality
- Subcutaneous Immunotherapy → Allergy Immunotherapy → Therapeutic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Sublingual Immunotherapy → Allergy Immunotherapy → Therapeutic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Monoclonal Antibodies → Antibody-Based Therapeutics
- Administration
- Subcutaneous
01
Overview
Ragweed immunotherapy, specifically as defined in the context of NIAID-sponsored clinical research (e.g., the ITN019AD trial), refers to a combination therapy involving ragweed allergen extract and the anti-IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab (Xolair). This approach is used to treat seasonal allergic rhinitis by combining traditional allergen-specific desensitization with IgE neutralization. Omalizumab binds to free IgE, preventing its attachment to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils, which reduces the immediate allergic response. When co-administered with ragweed allergen extract (containing the major allergen Amb a 1), omalizumab improves the safety of rush immunotherapy by decreasing the risk of systemic reactions and anaphylaxis during the rapid dose-escalation phase, thereby facilitating a safer path to maintenance therapy and long-term tolerance.
- Brand names
- Xolair
- Other names
- ragweed allergen immunotherapyomalizumab + ragweed allergen extractomalizumab + ragweed AIT
02
Targets
TCR (T cell antigen receptor complex)Amb a 1-specific Immunoglobulin E and B-cell receptorHigh-affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor I-bound Amb a 1-specific immunoglobulin ETLR9 (Toll-like receptor 9)IgE (Immunoglobulin E)
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