ranibizumab + bevacizumab + pegaptanib

This is a combination of three anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) agents—ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and pegaptanib—administered intravitreally for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. - **Ranibizumab** is a monoclonal antibody fragment that binds to and inhibits all isoforms of VEGF-A, thereby preventing angiogenesis and vascular permeability in the retina. - **Bevacizumab** is a full-length monoclonal antibody against VEGF-A, also inhibiting angiogenesis; it is used off-label for ocular indications but widely adopted due to its efficacy and cost-effectiveness. - **Pegaptanib** is an RNA aptamer that selectively binds to the VEGF165 isoform, blocking its activity. All three drugs act by inhibiting VEGF-mediated neovascularization in the eye, reducing fluid leakage and improving or stabilizing vision in patients with retinal diseases[1][3][4]. This combination would theoretically provide broad-spectrum inhibition of VEGF pathways.