resistomycin

**Resistomycin** is a quinone-related natural antibiotic produced by aquatic actinomycetes, such as Streptomyces sulphureus. It is a tetrahydroxyanthrone derivative with potent cytotoxic and antitumor activity in various human cancer cell lines, including prostate cancer (PC3)[1], hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2)[2], and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)[3]. Mechanistically, resistomycin induces **oxidative stress**, triggers **mitochondria-dependent apoptosis** (upregulation of Bax, caspase-3, cytosolic cytochrome c; downregulation of Bcl-2), and causes **cell cycle arrest** (downregulation of PCNA and cyclin D1 in prostate cancer cells; G2/M arrest in HepG2 cells)[1][2]. In HepG2 cells, resistomycin activates the **p38 MAPK pathway** to promote apoptosis and cell cycle arrest[2]. In triple-negative breast cancer, it directly binds to and inhibits the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino-1, thereby promoting degradation of SNAIL/SLUG transcription factors and suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)[3].

Other names

resistomycinHeliomycinAntibiotic A-3733A