rifapentine + isoniazid

Rifapentine + isoniazid is a fixed-duration combination therapy used primarily for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The most common regimen, known as "3HP," consists of once-weekly doses of both drugs for 12 weeks. Rifapentine is a rifamycin-class antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby suppressing RNA synthesis and bacterial replication. Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids in the mycobacterial cell wall by targeting enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase. This combination shortens LTBI treatment duration compared to traditional regimens and has demonstrated similar efficacy with higher completion rates and lower hepatotoxicity risk than longer courses of isoniazid monotherapy[1][2][4][6][7]. It can be administered by directly observed therapy or self-administered therapy in eligible populations.

Other names

3HP regimenINH-RPTisoniazid-rifapentine regimen