risperidone or paliperidone

Risperidone and paliperidone are atypical antipsychotics used primarily for schizophrenia and related disorders. Risperidone (Risperdal) is a benzisoxazole derivative, and paliperidone (Invega) is its primary active metabolite (9-hydroxyrisperidone). Both function as potent antagonists of dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. They also exhibit affinity for alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and H1 histaminergic receptors. Developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals, these agents are available in oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations. While risperidone is metabolized by CYP2D6, paliperidone is largely excreted unchanged, reducing its susceptibility to certain drug-drug interactions.

Brand names

RisperdalInvegaRisperdal ConstaInvega SustennaInvega TrinzaInvega Hafyera

Other names

9-hydroxyrisperidone