S-9

S-9 is a novel sulfonamide-substituted tetrahydroquinoline derivative that acts as a nonselective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Developed by researchers at China Pharmaceutical University, it has been identified as a promising lead compound for the treatment of inflammasome-related diseases, including neuroinflammatory conditions. S-9 exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting both the priming and activation stages of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, chemical proteomics studies have identified Protein Kinase R (PKR) as a direct biological target of S-9, contributing to its broad anti-inflammatory profile, which also includes inhibitory effects on NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes. In preclinical mouse models, S-9 has demonstrated significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity and metabolic benefits, such as improving insulin sensitivity and reducing fasting blood glucose levels.

Other names

sulfonamide-substituted tetrahydroquinoline derivative S-9