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Drug intelligence / Profile preview
sanguinarine chloride
- Development stage
- Preclinical
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Topical, Intravitreal
01
Overview
Sanguinarine chloride is a natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid primarily extracted from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot) and other plants of the Papaveraceae family. It exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and potent antitumor properties. Mechanistically, sanguinarine chloride acts as a multi-targeted agent; it directly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), suppresses the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a pathway, and disrupts redox balance by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depleting glutathione (GSH). Additionally, it is known to inhibit protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), and Na+/K+-ATPase, while acting as an allosteric activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Sanguinarine chloride has been investigated preclinically for various cancers, including bladder cancer, prostate cancer, small cell lung cancer, and triple-negative breast cancer, as well as for choroidal neovascularization.
- Other names
- sanguinarine hydrochloridesanguinarinium chloride
02
Targets
AMPK (Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase)AR (Adrenergic receptors)DUSP1EPHB4 (Ephrin type-B receptor 4)EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)NF-κBPPM1D (Protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1D)ATP1A (Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase)TERT (Telomerase)
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