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Sechium chinantlense extract is a natural product derived from the fruit of a wild chayote species, currently under investigation for its potent antineoplastic properties. Developed by researchers at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the Interdisciplinary Research Group on Sechium edule (GISeM), the extract demonstrates selective cytotoxicity against human cervical cancer (HeLa) and leukemia (WEHI-3) cell lines. Its mechanism of action involves the induction of apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, characterized by the activation of p53, the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, and the subsequent activation of the executioner caspase-3. Phytochemical studies indicate that the extract is rich in cucurbitacins, which are likely the primary bioactive compounds responsible for its ability to arrest the cell cycle in the SubG1 phase and trigger programmed cell death without significantly affecting non-tumorigenic cells.
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