secoisolariciresinol diglucoside

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is a naturally occurring lignan and phytoestrogen found predominantly in flaxseed but also present in sunflower, sesame, and pumpkin seeds. It is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, hypolipidemic (lipid-lowering), cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties[1][2][3][4]. SDG acts as a precursor to mammalian lignans such as enterodiol and enterolactone via gut microbiota metabolism; these metabolites can bind to estrogen receptors with weak estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects[3][7]. Mechanistically, SDG has been shown to inhibit platelet-activating factor activity and modulate intestinal microbiota[5], suppress oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals[2], reduce serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels[2][3], lower C-reactive protein concentrations associated with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes[2], and exert antiproliferative effects on cancer cells through inhibition of enzymes involved in carcinogenesis as well as modulation of cell signaling pathways related to proliferation and angiogenesis[2]. Human studies have demonstrated reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, glucose concentrations,[2] visceral fat gain,[2] liver triglycerides content,[2] and improvements in cardiovascular risk markers following oral supplementation. Preclinical evidence supports potential benefits for atherosclerosis prevention/reduction,[5] hyperlipoproteinemia type II,[5] hypertension,[5] diabetes mellitus type 2,[7] certain cancers including breast/colon/lung/pancreatic/renal carcinoma,[8], bone health disorders such as osteoporosis or lupus nephritis-related kidney disease.[4]

Other names

Bmhb-diglcsecoisolarisiresinol diglucoside