SH-491

SH-491 is a novel small molecule 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) derivative developed by Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical for the treatment of osteoporosis. It acts as a potent inhibitor of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, demonstrating an IC50 of 11.8 nM in bone-marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs). The drug exerts its therapeutic effect by suppressing the expression of key genes and proteins essential for osteoclastogenesis, including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K (CTSK), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and ATPase v0d2. Preclinical studies indicate that SH-491 possesses favorable metabolic stability and pharmacokinetic profiles, making it a promising candidate for anti-osteoporosis therapy by targeting the RANKL-RANK signaling pathway to reduce bone resorption.