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siR-PTBP1 is a chemically modified small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed to target and silence the expression of Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1). PTBP1 is a key regulator of alternative splicing that promotes the expression of the PKM2 isoform of pyruvate kinase, a hallmark of the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) in cancer cells. By inhibiting PTBP1, siR-PTBP1 induces a metabolic shift from glycolysis toward oxidative phosphorylation by increasing the PKM1/PKM2 isoform ratio. This metabolic reprogramming leads to increased intracellular ATP production, induction of apoptosis (as indicated by elevated cleaved PARP levels), and significant inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. It is being developed as a metabolism-targeted nucleic acid therapeutic, specifically for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.
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