skimmiarepin C

Skimmiarepin C is a naturally occurring protolimonoid small molecule isolated from the stem bark of the Bael tree (*Aegle marmelos*). It acts as an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation. By blocking the hypoxia-induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein, skimmiarepin C suppresses cellular respiration and inhibits the hypoxic induction of HIF-1 target genes, such as GLUT-1 and VEGF. Additionally, it induces hyperphosphorylation and inactivation of translation initiation factor eIF2α and elongation factor eEF2, leading to the disruption of protein translation and tumor cell proliferation. Skimmiarepin C has been investigated primarily in preclinical research for its potential anticancer and insecticidal properties.