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smallpox DNA vaccine
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
- Modality
- Prophylactic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, DNA Vaccines → Plasmid DNA → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
01
Overview
The smallpox DNA vaccine (specifically the DNA-4 candidate) is an investigational vaccine platform developed by the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) to provide protection against *Variola virus* and other orthopoxviruses. It utilizes a multi-antigen approach, incorporating four DNA plasmids that encode the L1, A27, A33, and B5 proteins. These targets are critical for neutralizing the two distinct infectious forms of the virus: the mature virus (MV) and the extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). By delivering genetic material directly into host cells, the vaccine stimulates both humoral and cellular immune responses without the risks associated with traditional live-virus vaccines, such as accidental spread or severe adverse reactions in immunocompromised individuals. Clinical development has focused on enhancing immunogenicity through specialized delivery systems, including needle-free injectors and electroporation.
- Other names
- Orthopoxvirus DNA vaccineMulti-antigen DNA vaccine for smallpox
02
Targets
A27 (Orthopoxvirus A27 protein)B5R (Vaccinia virus extracellular enveloped virion protein B5)HPV6 L1 (Human papillomavirus type 6 major capsid protein L1)
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