sodium butyrate

Sodium butyrate is the sodium salt of butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid naturally produced in the human gut through fermentation of dietary fiber by probiotic bacteria[5][8]. It is used primarily as a dietary supplement and research compound. Sodium butyrate acts as an inhibitor of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs), particularly HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3[2][5][6]. This inhibition leads to hyperacetylation of histones, resulting in altered gene expression patterns that can induce cell cycle arrest and differentiation in mammalian cells[2][5]. Additionally, it activates free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 (FFAR2/FFAR3), influencing cellular signaling pathways relevant to metabolism and immune function[6]. Sodium butyrate has been studied for its potential benefits on gut health, insulin sensitivity, inflammation reduction, intestinal barrier integrity, and possible roles in metabolic disorders such as obesity or diabetes[4][6][8].

Brand names

BodyBio ButyrateHealus Butyrate

Other names

butyric acid sodium saltNa(C3H7COO)sodium salt of butyric acid