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Sodium chloride + hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 is an intravenous colloid solution used for plasma volume expansion and fluid resuscitation. It consists of 6% hydroxyethyl starch with a mean molecular weight of 200 kDa and a molar substitution of 0.5 (known as pentastarch) formulated in either isotonic (0.9%) or hypertonic (7.2%) sodium chloride. The starch component increases the colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma, effectively drawing and retaining fluid within the intravascular space to treat hypovolemia and prevent shock following surgery, trauma, or severe blood loss. While effective for volume expansion, its use has become restricted in certain populations, such as critically ill patients with sepsis or pre-existing renal impairment, due to an increased risk of acute kidney injury and the need for renal replacement therapy.
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