sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as caustic soda or lye, is a highly caustic, white, odorless solid at room temperature. It is widely used in industry and household products for its strong alkaline properties. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water with the release of heat and reacts violently with acids and certain metals. Its primary mechanism of action is as a strong base that neutralizes acids and saponifies fats (converts fats into soap). It is used in the manufacture of soaps, detergents, paper, textiles, drain cleaners, oven cleaners, pharmaceuticals (including aspirin and anticoagulants), water treatment to control acidity and remove heavy metals, food processing (such as curing foods or removing skins from vegetables for canning), petroleum refining to remove sulfurous impurities ("caustic washing"), metal cleaning and degreasing processes[1][3][6]. Sodium hydroxide does not have a specific therapeutic target but acts by altering pH or chemically modifying substances it contacts. Exposure can cause severe chemical burns to skin and eyes; inhalation or ingestion can damage mucous membranes[1][4].

Other names

caustic sodalyesoda lye