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Sodium iothalamate I 125 is a sterile, nonpyrogenic aqueous solution of the sodium salt of iothalamic acid labeled with the radioactive isotope iodine-125. It is used as a radiopharmaceutical diagnostic agent primarily for evaluating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in renal function tests. The compound is administered intravenously and its clearance from plasma closely approximates that of inulin, making it an accurate marker for measuring GFR. Sodium iothalamate is filtered by the glomeruli without significant tubular secretion or reabsorption. The iodine-125 label emits low-energy gamma radiation suitable for detection with minimal radiation exposure to patients and staff[1][2][6]. Its high affinity for plasma proteins ensures vascular compartment retention during testing[6]. The drug is stable both in vitro and in vivo throughout diagnostic procedures.
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