solamargine

Solamargine is a steroidal alkaloid glycoside (glycoalkaloid) derived from plants in the Solanaceae family, such as Solanum nigrum and Solanum lycocarpum. It is a small molecule with cytotoxic properties and has been investigated for its anti-tumor activity against several types of cancer, including lung cancer and neuroblastoma[3][4][5][7]. Mechanistically, solamargine induces apoptosis in cancer cells through multiple pathways, including modulation of TNF receptors, downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL), activation of caspase-3, release of cytochrome c, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of P-glycoprotein function at high concentrations[4][5][8], and AMPKalpha-mediated inhibition leading to reduced MUC1 expression[3]. It also acts as an antiviral by inhibiting hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter activity via interaction with myeloid zinc finger protein 1 (MZF1)[6]. Solamargine has been used in clinical trials for actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease but remains investigational[2][3].

Other names

solamargineUNII-8KG991E7BNUNII8KG991E7BNUNII 8KG991E7BN