solasonine

Solasonine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid found in various Solanum species, including Solanum nigrum and S. linnaeanum. It is a glycoside of solasodine and exhibits cytotoxic properties, particularly at high concentrations, by disrupting cell membrane integrity and inducing apoptosis. Traditionally used in herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects, recent research highlights its anticancer potential through mechanisms such as induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest (via AMPK/FOXO3A pathway), activation of ferroptosis, inhibition of PI3K/AKT and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways, suppression of neuropilin-1 (NRP1), and modulation of microRNA expression (e.g., miR-486-5p). Clinically, it has been included as a component in the topical formulation Curaderm BEC5 for actinic keratosis and certain skin cancers. However, high doses are toxic to humans due to their ability to disrupt cellular membranes[2][5][6][7][8].

Brand names

Curaderm BEC5

Other names

solasonineSolasoninTomatine solaradixine