stearoyl gemcitabine

Stearoyl gemcitabine is a chemically modified, lipophilic amide prodrug of gemcitabine in which a stearoyl (C18 fatty acid) moiety is covalently coupled at the 4-(N) position of gemcitabine via amidification[1][2][5][7]. It is primarily formulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to improve systemic stability, overcome tumor resistance to gemcitabine (especially resistance due to RRM1 overexpression), and enable oral administration[1][2][5][6][7]. Mechanistically, stearoyl gemcitabine delivered via nanoparticles enters tumor cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, facilitating lysosomal hydrolysis and conversion to active gemcitabine triphosphate within the cell. This improves intracellular delivery and overcomes resistance mechanisms that impair gemcitabine uptake or activation[1][2][5]. It has shown strong antitumor activity and increased bioavailability (up to ~70% orally in mice), and is investigated for use against a range of solid tumors including lung cancer[2][5][7].

Other names

stearoyl gemcitabineGemC18GemC-18GemC 184-(N)-GemC184-(N)-stearoyl gemcitabine