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STF-31 (also known as STF-III or Glucose Transporter Inhibitor III) is a small molecule inhibitor that targets glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Originally identified through a high-throughput chemical synthetic lethal screen at Stanford University, STF-31 selectively induces necrotic cell death in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells, which are highly dependent on GLUT1-mediated aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) for survival. In addition to its direct binding and inhibition of GLUT1, STF-31 has been shown to inhibit NAMPT, a rate-limiting enzyme in NAD+ biosynthesis, which subsequently downregulates GLUT1 expression. STF-31 has been investigated preclinically for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and other glycolysis-dependent cancers, as well as for the selective elimination of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) from mixed cultures.
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