sulfonated human normal immunoglobulin

Sulfonated human normal immunoglobulin (GGS) is a chemically modified form of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) where the interchain disulfide bonds are partially sulfonated (S-sulfonation). This modification is designed to improve the stability and safety profile of the preparation by preventing the formation of immunoglobulin aggregates, which are associated with adverse reactions. Developed by Teijin Pharma and manufactured by KM Biologics, it is primarily used in Japan for various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. In the context of optic neuritis, it is being investigated as an alternative or adjunct to corticosteroid therapy, particularly in patients who respond poorly to initial steroid pulse therapy. Its mechanism of action involves broad immunomodulatory effects, including the neutralization of pathogenic autoantibodies, blockade of Fc receptors on macrophages, and inhibition of complement-mediated damage.

Brand names

Venilon

Other names

S-sulfonated human normal immunoglobulinS-sulfonated immunoglobulin