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Surfactant-BL is a highly refined, natural **pulmonary surfactant** preparation extracted from bovine lungs, formulated as a lyophilized powder for inhalation, composed of a mixture of phospholipids and surfactant-associated proteins[1][3]. It acts by reducing alveolar surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse (atelectasis), restoring alveolar phospholipid content, and enhancing gas exchange. The drug also improves mucociliary clearance, upregulates alveolar macrophages, suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and stimulates endogenous surfactant production by type II alveolocytes, thus also providing local immunoprotective effects[1]. It is indicated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults, and as part of the comprehensive treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis—including drug-resistant forms—where its addition enhances clearance of infectious agents and speeds recovery[1][3].
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