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SY11B5 is a murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody that specifically targets CD157 (also known as BST-1), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein. In the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) research, SY11B5 functions as an agonistic antibody. Upon binding to CD157, it triggers intracellular signaling through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways. This signaling cascade leads to the inactivating phosphorylation of GSK-3 and the subsequent upregulation and stabilization of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL, while decreasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Consequently, SY11B5 promotes the survival of AML blasts and modulates their sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs like cytarabine (AraC). It was developed by researchers at the University of Torino as a specialized tool to investigate the biological role of CD157 in leukemia pathogenesis, cell-adhesion mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR), and the interaction between leukemic cells and the bone marrow microenvironment.
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