syzygium cumini

Syzygium cumini is a tropical, evergreen tree native to the Indian subcontinent, known for its purplish-black fruit and its extensive use in traditional medicine, particularly as an antidiabetic agent[1][3][5][6]. Medicinal extracts from the seeds, fruits, bark, and leaves have been studied for their pharmacological activities, including **antidiabetic**, **antioxidant**, **anti-inflammatory**, **antimicrobial**, **anticancer**, **gastroprotective**, and **hypolipidemic** effects[1][3][4][6]. Key phytochemicals include **flavonoids** (such as quercetin, myricetin, rutin), **polyphenols**, **tannins**, anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and alkaloids like jambosine and jambolin[2][3][4]. Several studies, mainly preclinical and a few small clinical trials, have shown that Syzygium cumini may lower blood glucose by increasing insulin secretion, inhibiting glucose metabolism enzymes, and possibly acting on **peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)** and other metabolic regulators[4][7]. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions are attributed to high phenolic and flavonoid content. While generally regarded as safe in studies using oral preparations, well-designed clinical trials are limited, and significant gaps remain regarding its efficacy and standardized dosing in humans[4][5][6].

Brand names

TRIGODIAB

Other names

jambolanjamunblack plumjava plumsyzygium jambolanumeugenia jambolana