tenofovir disoproxil fumarate + lamivudine + emtricitabine

A combination antiretroviral drug consisting of **tenofovir disoproxil fumarate**, **lamivudine**, and **emtricitabine**, all of which are reverse transcriptase inhibitors used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. **Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate** is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI), while **lamivudine** and **emtricitabine** are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Each of these agents acts by inhibiting HIV reverse transcriptase, terminating the viral DNA chain, and ultimately suppressing viral replication. The combination is not available as a single fixed-dose product but is a theoretical regimen sometimes constructed in clinical practice. Tenofovir and emtricitabine are also active against hepatitis B. Use of this triple NRTI/NtRTI combination is not standard and is generally avoided due to the functional redundancy of emtricitabine and lamivudine, but all three have established roles individually and in other fixed-dose combinations. They are developed for the management of HIV-1 infection, both in treatment and as part of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (when only tenofovir and emtricitabine are combined)[1][2][4][5][7].