thymostimulin

Thymostimulin is a **standardized peptide fraction** derived from bovine thymus glands, prepared by extracting and purifying low-molecular-weight thymic peptides while removing higher-molecular-weight proteins and cell components[1][3]. It contains immunomodulatory peptides such as thymosin-α1 and thymic humoral factor. Its mechanism is believed to involve stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines, enhancement of T-cell proliferation and differentiation, and increased antigen expression on tumor cells, resulting in cytotoxic immune responses, particularly against tumor cells[1][3]. Thymostimulin was primarily investigated for use in advanced **hepatocellular carcinoma** (HCC) and other immunodeficiency or cancer-associated conditions. It was developed as a **licensed immunomodulating agent**, with phase II and phase III clinical trials performed in HCC and advanced AIDS-related complex[1][2][3].

Brand names

Thymophysin CytoChemia 25/50

Other names

thymic peptide fraction