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Tolpro-D is an oral fixed-dose combination of the centrally acting muscle relaxant tolperisone hydrochloride (150 mg) and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac sodium (50 mg). Developed by Sanivo Biotec, it is approved and marketed for the treatment of acute painful muscle spasms and acute musculoskeletal conditions, such as low back pain. Tolperisone acts on the central nervous system, specifically the spinal cord, where it inhibits mono- and polysynaptic reflex transmission by blocking voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels, thereby reducing muscle stiffness and spasms without causing significant sedation. Diclofenac sodium provides complementary anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes, which reduces the synthesis of pain- and inflammation-mediating prostaglandins. Together, the two components work synergistically to relieve localized pain, reduce muscle tension, and improve physical mobility.
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