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Topramezone is a selective, post-emergence pyrazolone herbicide developed by BASF for the control of broadleaf and grass weeds, primarily in corn (field corn, seed corn, popcorn, and sweet corn), as well as in other crops and non-cropland areas. It acts by inhibiting the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (4-HPPD), which is essential for carotenoid biosynthesis. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to photobleaching and death of sensitive plants due to oxidative damage. Topramezone is rapidly absorbed and translocated within plants; its selectivity in maize is attributed to rapid metabolism and lower sensitivity of maize's 4-HPPD enzyme compared to weeds. It has also been registered for aquatic weed control. Toxicological studies indicate low acute toxicity but potential adverse effects at high doses on organs such as the thyroid, liver, pancreas, eyes, and during development in animal models[1][5][6][7].
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