treg-derived exosomes

**Treg-derived exosomes** are small extracellular vesicles (EVs), typically 50–150 nm in diameter, released by activated regulatory T cells (Tregs, commonly CD4+CD25+Foxp3+). These vesicles contain cell-type specific proteins (such as CD25, CD39, CD73, CTLA-4), nucleic acids (notably miRNAs like miR-155, let-7b/d, miR-150-5p, miR-146a-5p), and lipids. Their mechanism of action is immunosuppression: Treg-derived exosomes deliver proteins and miRNAs to target immune cells (such as dendritic cells and effector T cells), suppressing T cell proliferation, altering cytokine profiles, and inducing apoptosis. Recent preclinical studies show therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative and systemic inflammatory diseases, transplant tolerance, and autoimmune conditions. Coya Therapeutics is developing GMP-grade Treg exosomes for clinical use, with plans for clinical-scale manufacturing and trials in late 2025[2][5][1][3].

Other names

Treg exosomesregulatory T cell-derived exosomesTreg-EVs