tyrosine adsorbed ragweed pollen allergoid + monophosphoryl lipid A

Tyrosine adsorbed ragweed pollen allergoid + monophosphoryl lipid A is a combination immunotherapy for allergy, consisting of a chemically modified (allergoid) extract of ragweed pollen adsorbed onto L-tyrosine and co-formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). The ragweed pollen allergoid is created by treating the native ragweed pollen extract with glutaraldehyde to reduce allergenicity while retaining immunogenic properties. Adsorption onto L-tyrosine acts as a depot, ensuring slow release and prolonged antigen presentation. Monophosphoryl lipid A, a detoxified derivative of lipopolysaccharide and a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist, serves as an immunological adjuvant to induce a Th1-biased immune response and further reduce IgE-mediated hypersensitivity, shifting the immune response toward tolerance. This formulation is used as a **subcutaneous seasonal specific immunotherapy (allergy vaccine/hyposensitization) to treat IgE-mediated allergic rhinitis due to ragweed pollen**. Its immunological effect includes increased allergen-specific IgG (especially blocking IgG4 antibodies), suppression of specific IgE, and a shift from Th2 to Th1 immune responses. MPL addition further augments the Th1 shift, increasing interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and reducing IL-5 production[1][4][6]. This approach is often developed, manufactured, and marketed by Allergy Therapeutics, sometimes under related brands or protocols such as POLLINEX-R for formulations without MPL[1].