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Umbilical Cord Serum (UCS) eye drops are an investigational biologic therapy developed by the National University of Malaysia (UKM) in collaboration with the National Blood Bank for the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED). Derived from human umbilical cord blood, the serum is typically diluted to a 20% concentration with a balanced salt solution. UCS contains significantly higher levels of essential epitheliotrophic factors compared to peripheral blood serum, including epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and vitamin A. These factors are critical for maintaining ocular surface health, as they promote the proliferation and migration of corneal epithelial cells and support the survival of conjunctival goblet cells. In clinical studies, such as the randomized trial NCT04217785, UCS eye drops are evaluated for their ability to improve clinical signs and symptoms of dry eye, such as tear film instability and ocular surface damage, often outperforming conventional artificial tear products like Optive Fusion.
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