vaccinia granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor recombinant virus

A **recombinant vaccinia virus** genetically engineered to express **granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)**. This oncolytic virus both lyses tumor cells and delivers **GM-CSF** to locally stimulate the immune response, enhancing recruitment, maturation, and activation of dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. The immune stimulation supports antigen presentation and cytotoxic T cell responses against tumors. It has shown antitumor efficacy in experimental models and limited trials, notably in melanoma and other solid tumors[2][3][4]. Common features include viral deletions (e.g., thymidine kinase gene) to restrict replication to tumor cells, and expression of human GM-CSF via a secretory leader sequence. Primary indications under investigation are melanoma, breast cancer, drug-resistant lymphosarcoma, and other advanced solid tumors.

Brand names

Pexa-Vec

Other names

recombinant vaccinia virus expressing GM-CSFGM-CSF-armed vaccinia virusGM-CSF-expressing vaccinia virusVV-GMCSF