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valproic acid
- Development stage
- Approved
- Lead developer
- AbbVie
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Intravenous
01
Overview
Valproic acid is a small molecule anticonvulsant used primarily to treat various types of seizures, including complex partial seizures and both simple and complex absence seizures. It is also indicated for the acute management of mania associated with bipolar disorder and for the prophylaxis of migraine headaches. Off-label, it may be used for maintenance therapy in bipolar disorder, treatment of acute bipolar depression, emergency management of status epilepticus, and behavioral disturbances in certain pediatric populations. Mechanistically, valproic acid increases brain levels of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps stabilize neuronal activity. It also acts as a direct inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), leading to epigenetic modulation that may contribute to its neuroprotective effects[1][3][4]. Additional targets include inhibition or modulation of sodium channels and several metabolic enzymes.
- Brand names
- DepakeneDepakoteDepakote DRDepakote ERDepakote SprinklesStavzorAlti-Valproic
- Other names
- VPA
02
Targets
ABAT (4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase)GAD1 (Glutamate decarboxylase 1)SSADH (Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase)HDAC (HDAC family)CaV3 (Caveolin-3)NaV (Voltage-gated sodium channels)
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