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Varstone is a combination medication containing magnesium citrate, potassium citrate, and pyridoxine (vitamin B6). It is formulated as an oral tablet and a sugar-free syrup (liquid) for the prevention and management of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis) and renal tubular acidosis. Potassium citrate acts as a urinary alkalizer, raising urine pH and binding to calcium to prevent calcium oxalate crystallization. Magnesium citrate competes with calcium by binding to oxalate, reducing the precipitation of calcium oxalate crystals. Pyridoxine serves as an essential cofactor for alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT), promoting the transamination of glyoxylate to glycine and thereby reducing endogenous oxalate production. Together, these components maintain balanced urine chemistry and prevent the formation and recurrence of kidney stones.
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