vesicular stomatitis virus

Vesicular stomatitis virus is an enveloped, non-segmented, negative-strand RNA virus and the prototypic member of the genus Vesiculovirus in the family Rhabdoviridae[1][3][5]. VSV is an arbovirus, primarily infecting livestock (cattle, horses, swine), where it causes oral and dermal vesicular lesions, and it can occasionally infect humans causing mild, flu-like symptoms[3][7]. Major structural proteins include the glycoprotein (G), nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), and large polymerase protein (L)[1][3][5]. VSV is widely used in research and medicine as a laboratory tool, viral vector, vaccine platform, and oncolytic virus[2][4][6]. Its unique ability to selectively replicate in cells with defective interferon signaling, commonly found in tumors, underlies its application as an oncolytic virus and vector for immunovirotherapy[6]. VSV's G protein (VSV-G) has extensive use in pseudotyping other viral vectors and enabling efficient gene, protein, and mRNA delivery[4][8]. VSV's genome can accommodate foreign genes and is amenable to genetic manipulation, further expanding its utility for gene and cancer immunotherapy, vaccines, and advanced therapy medicinal products[2][4][6]. Two main serotypes are known: VSV-Indiana (VSIV or VSV-IND) and VSV-New Jersey (VSV-NJ), with further subtypes within VSV-IND[5].

Other names

vesicular stomatitis Indiana virusVSV-GIndiana vesiculovirusVSV-NJVSV-INDCocal virusAlagoas virus