vincristine sulfate liposome + dexamethasone

Vincristine sulfate liposome + dexamethasone is a combination regimen consisting of a **liposomal formulation of vincristine sulfate** and **dexamethasone**, used primarily as a salvage therapy in adults with **relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)**[1][3]. Vincristine sulfate liposome is a sphingomyelin/cholesterol-based nanoparticle encapsulation of vincristine, designed to enhance drug delivery, prolong systemic circulation, and allow higher dosing with lower neurotoxicity compared to conventional vincristine[2]. **Vincristine** is a vinca alkaloid microtubule inhibitor that binds tubulin and disrupts mitosis, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. **Dexamethasone** is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and direct cytotoxic effects on certain lymphoid malignancies, acting partly by glucocorticoid receptor agonism leading to antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. The combination aims to exploit both antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects for improved efficacy in relapsed/refractory ALL, where treatment options are limited[1][3].