VM-1500 + darunavir + ritonavir

**VM-1500 + darunavir + ritonavir** is a combination therapy of three antiretroviral agents primarily investigated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. **VM-1500** (also known as Elpida or elsulfavirine) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that inhibits the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enzyme, blocking viral RNA conversion into DNA. **Darunavir** is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, which interferes with the cleavage of HIV-1 encoded polyproteins, resulting in immature, noninfectious viral particles. **Ritonavir** is also a protease inhibitor but is used mainly as a pharmacokinetic enhancer (booster); it inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), thereby increasing plasma concentrations and effectiveness of darunavir. The combination is intended for oral use and is under investigation for both first-line and subsequent lines of antiretroviral therapy, particularly in regions where all three agents are available and where non-nucleoside and protease inhibitor-based regimens are standard.